Industry 4.0 is to improve the productivity and efficiency of factories through data analysis, and the network infrastructure is even more important. The 10BASE-T1L industrial Ethernet network protocol specially introduced for industrial needs will become an important infrastructure of Industry 4.0. This article will give you an overall picture of the development of the 10BASE-T1L standard and the product solutions introduced by ADI, and provide you with reference to develop related products.
Data and network are the key to the success of Industry 4.0
The implementation of Industry 4.0 is sweeping the operation of every modern factory. The core of Industry 4.0 is to gain benefits through big data, change industrial operations through analytics software, and maintain factory equipment and premises. Now with the progress of data processing, machine learning and artificial intelligence, the development of automation systems has been further promoted.
The advantage of Industry 4.0 is that it can make full use of increasing data for better decision making. In the whole automation system, whether data can be obtained and transmitted in time hinges on the network connection. In order to cope with the increasing amount of data, network technology, manufacturing processes, and methodologies must be continuously improved. Intelligent and interconnected automation environments require digitally connected systems, machines, robots, etc, to creating and sharing information. The communication mode adopted by these machines and the deployed factory communications network are the heart of the enterprises and the key to promote the realization of Industry 4.0.
Since interconnection is the core of realizing the vision of Industry 4.0, in order to truly realize interconnection, enterprises must integrate higher level information technology (IT) or enterprise infrastructure with the control network of the factory area, and various existing networks or production units in the factory area must coexist cooperatively to support interoperability. It is also necessary to realize seamless and secure connections throughout the whole process environments, from the edge of process to the enterprise cloud, in order to improve productivity, while improving the flexibility and scalability of production.
10BASE-T1L has higher data rates and power output
10BASE-T1L, also known as the IEEE 802.3 cg standard, is an industrial Ethernet network protocol. Through this protocol, the barrier between the basic operating equipment (sensors, valves, actuators, and controls) that perform front-line services in the factory and the enterprise data, the vault of bits, and bytes that realize the intelligence of new smart factories can be broken. The 10BASE-T1L network will become an important driving factor for the transformation to a data and analysis-driven factory operation mode.
Most traditional factories use 4 mA to 20 mA and HART® communication interfaces. Their low data bandwidth and limited range of integration into enterprise computing infrastructure prevent engineers from applying analysis to these traditional endpoints, and also restrict the amount of power and remotely operated equipment that can be supplied to endpoints.
Therefore, by converting existing 4 mA to 20 mA or HART devices to 10BASE-T1L, the advantages of data can be obtained, and when using this data, productivity and efficiency can be improved. Intelligent and interconnected factories can usually reduce unplanned downtime, decrease energy waste, make better use of equipment and other assets, and deploy personnel more effectively. 10BASE-T1L may extend these advantages to all corners of the factory, including sensors and other endpoints operating outside the scope of the enterprise network.
10BASE-T1L has a higher data rate and power output, and can achieve a maximum data rate of 10 Mbps over a cable length of up to 1 km. It can provide up to 500 mW of power to endpoints in Zone 0 intrinsically safe applications, thus operating a wider and more sophisticated endpoint than 4 mA to 20 mA or than a HART system can support. It can also provide up to 60 W of power to non-intrinsically safe applications, depending on the cabling, and may reuse existing and installed single twisted pairs cabling. Its rich device management options include providing diagnostic data from connected devices and providing software updates for them. In addition, the Internet Protocol (IP) address of each node extends the Internet of Things capability to the edge of the factory network. Through IP addresses, nodes not only can be monitored, but also be remotely managed and integrated with the enterprise network infrastructure.
From a hardware point of view, implementing a 10BASE-T1L device is usually simple, because the physical medium used for 10BASE-T1L communication is a single twisted pair cable, or even the same wiring carrying 4 mA to 20 mA or HART communications. The 802.3 cg standard also supports installation in hazardous (explosion-proof) environments, which is more suitable for the harsh operating environment of the factory.
Low power single-port 10BASE-T1L transceiver
The ADIN1100, introduced by ADI, is a low power single-port 10BASE-T1L transceiver for industrial Ethernet applications that complies with the IEEE 802.3 cg Ethernet standard and supports long reach 10 Mb/s single-pair Ethernet applications. The device integrates the Ethernet PHY core and all associated analog circuitry, input and output clock buffers, management interface control registers and subsystem registers, and MAC interface and control logic to manage reset and clock control and pin configuration.
ADIN1100
The PHY core of the ADIN1100 supports 1.0 V pk-pk operation and 2.4 V pk-pk operation as defined in the standard. It can be operated from a single 1.8 V or 3.3 V supply rail and provides a low voltage option to support a 1.0 V pk-pk transmit voltage level. The ADIN1100's 1.0 V pk-pk operation, external termination resistors, and independent Rx/Tx pins make the ADIN1100 suitable for intrinsically safety applications, and integrate power supply monitoring circuitry and power-on reset circuitry to improve system-level robustness.
The ADIN1100 MDIO interface is a 2-wire serial interface that supports communication between the host processor or the MAC and the ADIN1100 to access control and status information in the PHY core management registers. This interface is compatible with the IEEE 802.3 Clause 45 management frame structures. A microcontroller MDIO interface that only supports Clause 22 of the IEEE 802.3 standard cannot be used with the ADIN1100 MDIO interface by default. A common alternative is to use two GPIO pins to replicate the IEEE 802.3 standard Clause 45 frame in software.
The ADIN1100 supports auto-negotiation capabilities, with MII and RMII MAC interfaces, and using an unmanaged configuration of pin strapping, including master/slave selection, transmit amplitude, PHY address, it has a 25 MHz crystal oscillator/25 MHz external clock input (50 MHz external clock for RMII), with the cable extension range of 1200 meters both at 1.0 V pk-pk and 2.4 V pk-pk. With link/activity LEDs, it is available in a small 40-lead (6 mm x 6 mm) LFCSP package and has passed many EMC test standards. With low power consumption, the MAC interface VDDIO supply voltage is 3.3 V/2.5 V/1.8 V, and it integrates power monitoring and POR, supporting a variety of diagnostic functions, including frame generator and checker, a variety of loopback modes, IEEE test mode support, cable diagnosis, can operate in the industrial temperature range of − 40 ℃ to 105 ℃, and can be applied to process control, factory automation, building automation, etc.
Conclusion
With the increasing interconnection level of automation systems, data communication, analysis and interpretation can be realized, and auxiliary intelligent decision-making and operation can be realized in factory areas. New commercial value can be created by improving output, asset utilization rate, and overall productivity, thus truly realizing the vision of Industry 4.0. ADI's ADIN1100 10BASE-T1L transceiver is the best choice to implement 10BASE-T1L, adding impetus to the development of Industrial 4.0 infrastructure.
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